ABSTRACT
Increased vascular stiffness is a marker of atherosclerosis, which is diagnosed in the early stages of diabetes II. Matrix metalloproteinases [MMPs] and their tissue inhibitors [TIMPs] are a family of proteolytic enzymes necessary for structure and function of great vessels. This study examined the effects of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise on MMP9 and TIMP-1 levels in type II diabetic women. This is a quasi-experimental study which included 20 in type II diabetic women with mean age of 53.2 +/- 2.5 years, body mass index [BMI] of 28.73 +/- 2.27 and fat percentage of 30.6 +/- 2.05, who were randomly divided into two groups: aerobic exercise group [8 weeks, 3 sessions per week for 50 minutes] and control group. To examine changes in MMP[9] and TIMP-1, 5 ml of blood was taken from the brachial vein of patients before and 48 hours after completion of exercise period and after 12 hours of fasting at rest. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-16 software with the independent and paired t-tests. A significant decrease was observed in body mass index and body fat percentage in the experimental group [p<0.05]. Compared with the control group, the aerobic exercise group showed a significant decrease in MMP[9] [p=0.01] and a significant increase in TIMP-1 levels [p=0.02] after 8 weeks of aerobic exercise. The results showed that aerobic exercise as a stimulus can change the levels of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases in diabetics
ABSTRACT
Ankle sprain is one of the most common injuries among athletes and Instability and injury to this joint is responsible for long time loss of physical and recreational activity. Also it can impose high cost to sport teams. Prevention of this injury is an important concern of practice and rehabilitation. One way of reducing the possibility of ankle joint injury is using ankle orthosis. The present study aimed at inspecting the effects of two ankle orthoses on dynamic and semi-dynamic postural stability in athletes with chronic ankle instability. [CAI] Twenty basketball players with CAI and fifteen non-injured athletes volunteered to participate in this study. Biodex Balance System was used to assess the participants' postural stability in bilateral position at level 8 and level 2. Repeated measures analyses variance [ANOVA] was performed in order to examine the effects of ankle orthoses. Statistical significance level was determined at P< 0.05. Statistical analyses revealed the significant effect of ankle supports on dynamic and semi-dynamic postural stability in the two groups and results indicated there wasn't significant difference between groups. According to our results the orthoses improved both dynamic and semi-dynamic postural stability. Therefore orthoses can prevent of injury and its reoccurrence
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a course of aerobic exercise on pulmonary function and tolerance of activity in asthmatic patients. Among the asthmatic patients, 36 patients [M= 16, F= 20] were chosen after clinical examinations, pulmonary function test, skin prick test [SPT] for aeroallergen and a six minute walk test [6MWT] on their own free will. A patient was said to have Exercise Induced Asthma [EIA] when he/she fulfilled the following criteria; [1] FEV[1] < 80%, [2] 12% increase or more in FEV[1] or PEF after short-acting [beta][2] agonist prescription and [3] 15% decrease in FEV[1] or PEF after 6MWT with 70% or 80% of maximum heart rate. The patients were randomly put into two groups of case [M=8, F=10, Mean age=27] and control [M=8, F=10, Mean age=29]. Case group participated in eight week aerobic exercise plan, while control group had no plan of exercise. Pulmonary function tests were done before and after the course of exercise. There were significant changes in FEV1, FVC, PEF, FEF[25-75%], MVV, RF and 6MWT between asthmatic patients of the two groups [P